Esquizofrenia de patricios I, II y III

Por Carolina Escobar Sarti – cescobarsarti@gmail.com

ESQUIZOFRENIA de PATRICIDIOS I | 10 de septiembre de 2009

La palabra esquizofrenia significa “men-te partida” o para decirlo más simple, vivir fuera de la realidad. Los patricios eran los Patres romanos que, junto con sus descendientes, constituían la nobleza y participaban del gobierno del Estado, gozando de privilegios de los que no gozaba la plebe. Claro que cualquier generalización es una trivialización irresponsable, pero no por ello podemos desconocer que hay grupos de personas que se parecen más entre sí y se identifican a partir de ciertas características comunes.

En este caso, hablo de los patricios guatemaltecos que históricamente han manejado los hilos del poder en nuestro país. Grupos que, en su momento, han quitado y puesto gobernantes y que han acudido a los mecanismos de la democracia para hacer prevalecer sus intereses, aunque luego, en contextos amenazadores para ellos, tiendan a descalificar los mismos mecanismos que anteriormente dieron por buenos porque, supuestamente, atentan contra todo régimen democrático.

Nada más claro que lo sucedido con el mecanismo de la consulta popular en Guatemala: cuando se realizó la consulta popular en mayo de 1999, para cambiar 13 artículos constitucionales que viabilizaran los compromisos de los acuerdos de paz, el NO fue el resultado mayoritario. Sin aludir al abstencionismo de entonces ni a otros factores que incidieron en el resultado, los patricios guatemaltecos gritaron: ¡Viva la consulta, la población habló, ganamos legalmente! Años después, cuando una serie de consultas populares dieron como resultado en varias comunidades del país un NO rotundo a la minería de oro a cielo abierto, principiando por Sipakapa, en el 2005, esos mismos patricios gritaron: ¡Esas consultas no son vinculantes y el resultado ha sido manipulado aprovechándose de la ignorancia de nuestra población!

Ha sido casi “natural” que, ante la poca credibilidad que tienen los partidos políticos, hayamos volteado los ojos a los mecanismos de la democracia directa o participativa, que incluyen el voto, no solo con el fin de poder elegir, sino como posibilidad de involucrar a toda la ciudadanía en un proceso de toma de decisiones. Pero ya sabemos que el voto no es el único mecanismo; la consulta popular, la iniciativa legislativa popular, el plebiscito, el referéndum, la revocatoria de mandato y el cabildo abierto son otros.

Si los mecanismos de participación ciudadana en una sociedad como la nuestra, marcada por la pobreza y la inequidad, fueran bien usados, ayudarían a canalizar las frustraciones ciudadanas y a balancear la falta de legitimidad del sistema de partidos políticos. Precisamente por ello es necesario evitar una manipulación demagógica de estos mecanismos y usarlos solo cuando sepamos que las instituciones de un Estado están fuertes y son eficientes, que los partidos son entidades estables y maduras, y que hay una plataforma social sólida.

De allí la importancia de una consulta popular o una iniciativa legislativa que se funden en Estados democráticos, en la no-manipulación de la opinión publica, en la libertad de expresión e información y en la formulación sencilla y transparente de las cuestiones sobre las que todos debemos opinar. Por ello, me atrevo a seguir opinando acerca de la iniciativa de la Asociación Pro Reforma que busca reformar “parcialmente” la Constitución Política desde una visión esquizoide de un grupo de patricios que se sirven de los mecanismos de la democracia para quebrarla por la mitad.

(Continuará)

http://www.prensalibre.com/pl/2009/septiembre/10/338956.html

ESQUIZOFRENIA de PATRICIDIOS II | 12 de septiembre de 2009

Hablaba, en el artículo del jueves anterior, de la manipulación de los mecanismos de la democracia, cuando así conviene a algunos grupos de patricios. Ahora que se discute la iniciativa de reformar la Constitución, lanzada por Pro Reforma, es importante mencionar y recordar algunas razones por las cuales no la apoyo. La primera, parto de insistir en que la reforma que proponen no es “parcial” como ellos dicen; claro que formalmente solo proponen cambiar algunos artículos del texto constitucional, pero de fondo hay cambios radicales que afectarían sine die toda la intención de levantar en Guatemala un Estado democrático.

Nuestros patricios guatemaltecos proponen entre las reformas una que pretende establecer el sistema bicameral en el Legislativo: un Senado y una Cámara de Diputados. Esto no sería nada extraño en una estructura de ejercicio político, si no fuera porque precisamente dicho Senado tendría una naturaleza omnisciente y omnipresente en el quehacer de un Estado disminuido a su mínima expresión. Una de sus funciones sería la de aprobar leyes de rango constitucional —Códigos, como los llaman ellos—, trascendentales para la definición normativa del país, como por ejemplo la Ley Electoral y de Partidos Políticos.

Esto último no nos sería del todo extraño, si no fuera porque ese Senado de patricios compuesto por 45 senadores, entre los 50 y los 65 años, podrían desempeñarse en el cargo hasta por un lapso de 15 años y ejercer un papel similar al de los dioses del Olimpo. Que su ejercicio político dure mucho tiempo no es el problema, porque varios diputados y senadores de nuestro país y del mundo —el recién fallecido Ted Kennedy, entre ellos— han hecho de la política una carrera de largo aliento. Lo preocupante es que, en esta propuesta, se autoreceten la potestad de poner y quitar presidentes a voluntad en los otros organismos del Estado, así como de mover a representantes de las instituciones que ellos juzguen conveniente.

Este poder desmedido es una de las partes esquizofrénicas del asunto. Ninguna democracia se puede fundar en una estructura tan cerrada donde la elección de los senadores dependa, además, de un porcentaje bajísimo de la población. Es lo que Alan Touraine llama la identificación con un “pensamiento único” que sirve de inspiración a una hegemonía de facto de la ortodoxia liberal, que desconoce la existencia de actores sociales autónomos capaces de influir en la toma de decisiones políticas.

Otra medida propuesta en la “reforma” que parte de esa visión esquizoide es que el papel del Estado sería nulo o subsidiario —¿cómo se han subsidiado el café, el transporte y otros productos?— en el tema de los servicios sociales hacia la población como educación y salud, por ejemplo. Sin percatarse realmente de los niveles de pobreza y exclusión que hay en este país, deudor de infinidad de injusticias en la distribución de los recursos y las oportunidades, ellos proponen dejar los temas vertebrales en manos privadas. Como si no supiéramos lo que pasa cuando el rubro social es considerado mercancía sujeta al vaivén de la oferta y la demanda. Para ello proponen una medida a su medida: que la carga impositiva sea moderada.

La utopía sigue siendo la libertad, desde cualquier espejo ideológico, pero la libertad de todos los hombres y mujeres de un país, no la de unos pocos. Los mecanismos de la democracia han de servir para transitar realmente hacia la democracia y no hacia un Estado uniformado desde un pensamiento único, cuyo fin nada más que cada uno se ocupe de su propio negocito. La iniciativa de Pro Reforma tiene algunas intenciones interesantes como reducir el número de diputados y evitar la corrupción mediante procedimientos más transparentes, pero estoy segura que esas cosas se pueden hacer sin servirle el país en bandeja de plata a un grupo de patricios que nunca o muy pocas veces habrán tomado contacto con la realidad de una familia guatemalteca paupérrima metida en la aldea más lejana de Huehuetenango.

http://www.albedrio.org/htm/articulos/c/ces-263.htm

ESQUIZOFRENIA de PATRICIDIOS III | 17 de septiembre de 2009

Este es el último artículo de una serie de tres con el mismo nombre y de otros que antes se refirieron a la propuesta que hace la Asociación Pro Reforma de reformar la Constitución Política de la República de Guatemala (CPRG).

Este artículo quiere ir al centro de la cuestión. Para ello, voy a la Teoría del Estado y parto de la concentración de un poder omnisciente y omnipresente que dicha reforma pretende otorgar a 45 abuelos elegidos por unos pocos que no representan al grueso de la población. Ello contradice toda tradición republicana democrática. Y aquí reside el verdadero meollo de la cuestión: en un Estado democrático, el pueblo tiene la soberanía y la facultad para ejercer el poder, aunque delegue su representación en otros. En teoría, este Estado es lo suficientemente sólido para proteger el patrimonio público de la captura privada; es fuerte en el tema de la recaudación fiscal; ejerce una administración comprometida con la gestión pública y es sólido también políticamente, porque tanto la ciudadanía como la clase política y los funcionarios públicos entienden que los principios que rigen la política no son los mismos que rigen el mercado.

Un régimen democrático es nuestro horizonte, no un Estado totalitario. En ese sentido, Víctor Ferrigno señala: “Es a partir de esta noción, generalizada y cierta, que la humanidad se ha empeñado durante los dos últimos siglos en limitar el poder de los gobernantes. Con la Revolución Francesa se dio un salto cualitativo al establecerse que el poder soberano —aquel que no reconoce sobre sí a ningún otro poder— radica en el pueblo, y que este lo delega en el gobierno mediante mecanismos de elección (artículo 141 de la CPRG). La división de poderes y el contrato social, que legitima a la ley al tutelar los intereses del conjunto de la sociedad, son otros logros en la lucha por defender a los individuos del poder del Estado”.

En tiempos como los que corren, de renovada retórica neofascista, hay que abrir bien los ojos para no caer, sin darnos cuenta, en la concepción de un Estado napoleónico, donde unos pocos tutelan la práctica de una hegemonía de facto, fundada en la conveniencia de sostener una cultura única, un idioma único y un derecho único.

Recientemente, uno de los impulsores de la iniciativa de Pro Reforma dijo que lo pasado era pasado, y nada podía hacerse para cambiarlo; por ello había que ver hacia el futuro. Siendo apasionada por entender el presente y el futuro desde la historia, voy a contradecirlo; sí se puede cambiar la historia no repitiendo los errores del pasado. Si ya perfilamos el sueño de un Estado democrático, por qué habríamos de aceptar en la realidad una propuesta de Estado totalitario, maquillada de libertad.

Como dice Ferrigno, “Los políticos —independientemente de su signo ideológico— luchan por el poder para ejercerlo, no para repartirlo”. Así que la ciudadanía es la encargada de que esa cuota de poder no se ejerza desmedidamente. Si la Constitución adolece de vacíos, cambiémosla las veces que lo consideremos necesario, pero por un camino más ancho donde puedan transitar millones de hombres y mujeres que van tras la libertad. Los mecanismos de la democracia han de servir a la democracia y a regímenes de Derecho que tracen las reglas del juego que protegerán los intereses del individuo y de la sociedad, en un ejercicio más parejo y representativo del poder.

http://www.prensalibre.com/pl/2009/septiembre/17/339698.html

ProReforma ignora a las guatemaltecas

Irma Alicia Velásquez Nimatuj

Guatemala, 16 Sep (Cerigua).- La propuesta de ProReforma no sólo discrimina a los pueblos indígenas y a los jóvenes, sino además ignora a quienes conforman más de la mitad de la población del país, las mujeres, indicó Irma Alicia Velásquez Nimatuj.

A decir de Velásquez, en su columna “ProReforma X”, las mujeres son tan diversas, provienen de distintos pueblos, de distintas clases sociales, con diferentes intereses y tendencias ideológicas y han sido actoras económicas y políticas invisibilizadas en el país.

De acuerdo con la columnista, después de leer la propuesta se evidencia que la población femenina no es incluida, ni se respetan sus múltiples capacidades, aportes y necesidades en la construcción de un pacto político cultural.

Según la lideresa indígena, las guatemaltecas terminan oscurecidas y diluidas bajo argumentos superados en otras sociedades, los que son presentados como la panacea para que “Guatemala se afiance de un genuino régimen”.

La exclusión de las mujeres se esconde detrás de una defensa acérrima y conservadora de los principios de igualdad y de libertad, especialmente cuando se apela a lo largo del documento a no ser discriminatorios, a no conceder explícita o implícitamente prerrogativas, privilegios o beneficios que puedan disfrutar todas las personas, subraya la profesional.

Velásquez enfatizó que los ponentes, en su mayoría hombres, no se percatan, ni reflexionan que ellos individual y colectivamente poseen significativas cuotas de poder, no por esfuerzo propios, sino en buena medida heredados y asignados únicamente por ser hombres.

Las propuestas presentadas por ProReforma esconden posiciones conservadoras que buscan perpetuar la exclusión de las mujeres en los tres poderes del Estado, indicó la columnista.

Finalmente, Velásquez lamentó que mientras el mundo camine hacia la eliminación de construcciones con resabios sexistas, racistas, clasistas y discriminatorios, esta asociación impulse todo lo contrario, en un país como plural como Guatemala.

http://cerigua.info/portal/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=13968&Itemid=1

Rabin Ajau: Mirna Judith Chavajay Chavajay

“Quiero un país soberano, libre y con paz,” Rabin Ajau 2009

“Quiero un país soberano, libre y con paz,” Rabin Ajau 2009

Por Édgar René Sáenz

Haber sido electa Rabín Ajau 2009-2010 es una gran responsabilidad. Mirna Judith Chavajay Chavajay lo sabe y está dispuesta a representar con orgullo y dignidad a la mujer maya.

En la siguiente entrevista habla de sus sueños, su amor por la Patria y la importancia de que todos los guatemaltecos se unan para acabar con las injusticias, la violencia y la corrupción y lograr una patria donde se viva una verdadera paz.

¿Cómo se siente al haber sido electa como representante de la mujer maya?

Me siento feliz y honrada, y a la vez muy comprometida con todas las mujeres mayas guatemaltecas. En mis manos descansa una gran responsabilidad, y prometo representarlas dignamente, como se lo merecen, a nivel local, municipal, nacional e internacional.

¿Cuál es el significado que tiene para usted la palabra Patria?

Para mí, Patria es el lugar que nos vio nacer, donde dimos nuestros primeros pasos, nuestros primeros llantos; es el lugar testigo de lo que venimos a hacer en este mundo. Al hablar de patria hablamos del corazón de los guatemaltecos. Créanme que yo me siento feliz de ser una guatemalteca maya. Amo a mi patria y a la tierra que me cobija

¿Por qué cree que los jóvenes y la población en general se muestran apáticos ante la problemática nacional?

Es por la falta de orientación o, muchas veces, de comunicación, y no digamos de conocimiento. A veces, los que vivimos en la provincia no nos enteramos de todo el acontecer nacional. Lamentablemente no tenemos los medios. También faltan líderes que los motiven a luchar para salir adelante y a vencer los obstáculos que se presentan en esta vida.

¿Cómo se pueden rescatar los valores cívicos y morales?

Lo principal es que se inculquen en la casa. Es en el hogar donde los aprendemos. Los padres de familia tienen gran responsabilidad de inculcarle a sus hijos, desde los primeros años de su vida, el respeto a sus semejantes y a nuestros símbolos patrios, como parte de nuestra identidad; es lo que nos debe diferenciar de otros países.

También es importante que se inculque el respeto a nuestros mayores. Todos estos valores morales, cívicos, políticos y religiosos ayudan también a que los jóvenes nos integremos y seamos mejores, para tener una Guatemala mejor.

¿Cree que la elección de Rabín Ajau sirve para estimular el nacionalismo?

Sí. Este es un evento magnífico. Primero, porque se le da una participación muy importante a la mujer, a quien muchas veces se le restringen los espacios. Con esta clase de concursos se nos abren las puertas y nos dan espacios para expresarnos, sentir y demostrar que también somos capaces.

Este evento también ayuda a inculcar el amor a nuestra patria, y a nuestras costumbres y tradiciones (…), todo lo que somos y tenemos como guatemaltecos.

¿Cuáles serán las actividades o acciones prioritarias durante su reinado?

Tomaré en cuenta las diversas necesidades que hay, especialmente en los niños y niñas, adolescentes, juventud, adultos y ancianos, quienes muchas veces son olvidados. Pienso trabajar para buscar la unidad de nuestra sociedad y, sobre todo, la participación de la mujer.

¿Cómo desearía que fuera Guatemala?

Anhelo tener un país libre y verdaderamente soberano, tal como lo regula nuestra Constitución, pero, lamentablemente, esto lo tenemos únicamente en papel. Mi deseo y mayor anhelo es que Dios permita algún día que nuestra Guatemala sea un lugar donde reine la paz.

¿Cree que ha mejorado la participación de la mujer en el ámbito nacional?

Pienso que sí. Tenemos a muchas mujeres en el Congreso, en los ministerios, gobernaciones y alcaldías. Poco a poco estamos ocupando espacios; lo único que nos queda a nosotras es actuar y aprovechar las oportunidades de manera eficaz y positiva.

¿Qué consejos les daría a todas las mujeres?

Que nos unamos, que amarremos los lazos de amistad, para no ser excluidas; que todas las mujeres digamos aquí estamos presentes.

¿Cuál es su sueño, ahora que es Rabín Ajau?

Ver a la niñas de mi pueblo, Santa Clara La Laguna, recuperar su traje y su identidad, que se están perdiendo.

Hoja de vida: Mirna Judith Chavajay Chavajay

Es una mujer que no tiene miedo de levantar la voz por los niños, mujeres y necesitados.

• Nació el 14 de junio de 1985 —24 años—, en Santa Clara La Laguna, Sololá.

• Estudió hasta graduarse de maestra de primaria en su lugar de origen.

• Actualmente cursa el décimo semestre en Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales, en la Universidad Rafael Landívar, en Quetzaltenango.

• Ha participado en varias organizaciones juveniles y de mujeres, especialmente en talleres de cultura, educación y orientación femenina.

• En su comunidad ayudó a implementar la oficina municipal de la mujer.

“Mi mayor anhelo es que Dios permita algún día que nuestra Guatemala sea un lugar donde reine la paz”.

http://www.prensalibre.com/pl/2009/septiembre/19/342045.html


Last workshop at USAC

The last couple of days I have been making my posters for the 10 Things Men and Women can do, respectively. Also, Simón and I saw an awesome dance performance of a group of Costa Rican dance students last night.

10 Things Women can do for Self Protection and/or Risk Reduction

10 Things Women can do for Self Protection and/or Risk Reduction

Today was our last workshop at USAC and the students were assigned to create a group project to perform or present this week, so there were several skits, songs, presentations, and art work. The students were also asked to write letters to themselves making a promise to change something in their lives that would help prevent violence. This proved to be moving as several students read their letters out loud. One particularly touching letter was written by “student,” Zully Soberalis, survivor of intimate partner violence and the director of Escuela Oficial Rural Mixta Santa Barbara in Zone 18, the location of MIA’s pilot program.

Zully Soberalis and I outside of the classroom A group presentation

Zully Soberalis and I outside of the classroom A group presentation

A skit about male misbehavior; pictured here are “mother” and “son”

A skit about male misbehavior; pictured here are “mother” and “son”

A group presentation

A group presentation

One of the students demonstrating types of violence

One of the students demonstrating types of violence

A close up of one of the group’s visual aides

A close up of one of the group’s visual aid

This group made a collage of how the media influences societal values

This group made a collage of how the media influences societal values

This very musical group sang a song they wrote

This very musical group sang a song they wrote

A “husband” and “wife” square off over equal domestic labor

A “husband” and “wife” square off over equal domestic labor

After the students read their letters and did their group presentations, they had to get into pairs and light each other’s candles while sharing personal goals for self-improvement. This was fun for me because I got to participate with a male student and he was really interested in my goal of teaching my newborn nephew as he grows up about gender equality and alternative models of masculinity. His goal had to do with not looking down on people. We then got to know each other a little and he was blown away at my life experience, specifically that I didn’t live with my family and had worked since I was 16.

I explained a lot of misconceptions about the U.S. such as the ideas he had about justice by relaying stories of my experiences as a rape crisis counselor. We also discussed racism and the differences between racism in the U.S. and racism in Guatemala and how immigration ties in.

Candle lighting ceremony and my ceremony partner

Candle lighting ceremony and my ceremony partner

Then, sadly, it was time to end our last session of workshops at USAC and we all said out goodbyes. I felt really sad that I wouldn’t see this group again as I had grown fond of all of them.

Tomorrow I am going to make the detailed schedule for Epsum/Volusac so Simón and I can begin with our next group.

Out and about in Guatemala City

Thinking back on my visit to my friend’s house last Saturday, I can’t help but feel like being here as a gringa woman is so incredibly different then if I lived here like she does. My friend is a year younger than me and still has to ask permission to go anywhere, invite her friends to her house before going to theirs, and sleeping over anywhere is unheard of. The lack of freedom is unreal, and though she doesn’t share much about how her family treats her, I have heard enough to know that she lives a hard life.

We watched the movie and went to the market for some chicken and then she made an early dinner for us. The kitchen lights didn’t work and she had to cook on a portable burner because the stove was broke. After dinner she took the first two busses with me so I wouldn’t get lost and then Simón met us and took the last two with me. Getting around here is really complicated. My friend and I had a good time, but at the end of the day I was glad to be back to the house I am staying in.

My friend a few weeks earlier at Pollo Campero

My friend a few weeks earlier at Pollo Campero

Today was the inauguration of the new IUMUSAC headquarters. Simón and I arrived bright and early to attend the brief series of ceremonies in their new office and next door at IDHUSAC, the Human Rights Institute of USAC. The ceremony was also to recognize the president of USAC, Lic. Estuardo Galvez, and the Secretary General, Dr. Carlos Alvarado Cerezo, for their contribution and support of Guatemalan women university students.

The plaque of recognition

The plaque of recognition

After the ceremony we were drinking coffee and Pili, one of the students from the USAC workshops approached Simón and I about doing workshops with VOLUSAC, a USAC volunteer group she has been working with. We agreed to meet with her tomorrow and exchanged contact information.

Next, we went to the Palacio Nacional so Simon could pick up a paycheck from one of his cuaderno workshops and I decided to visit my friend Jenny in the office of the Palacio’s art gallery. Jenny and I made a lunch date for the next day at 1pm, after my meeting with IUMUSAC and before the meeting with VOLUSAC and I was excited to be planning for my first real outing where I would need to walk alone.

The Palacio Nacional

The Palacio Nacional

Change and Action

Today I met with Pati and Carlos at IUMUSAC to discuss last week’s workshop and plan for next week’s. Since next week is the last session and we will be speaking about change and action, I suggested that we use Jackson Katz’s “10 Things Men Can Do to Prevent Gender Violence.” Pati loved the idea, but to my dismay asked me to write it all out on a poster board and to create one for women. Since Jackson’s list is already translated and already created that wasn’t too much to ask, but to actually create one for women and then translate it into Spanish, and then make it into a poster wouldn’t be easy. But I agreed and said I would bring them next week. Now to brainstorm about how to speak about women’s role in prevention since only the perpetrator can prevent his actions. Pati and Carlos also spoke about the closing ceremony for next week which they decided would consist of each student stating one thing they will do to change their behavior to prevent violence in their lives. Carlos said he would get white ribbons to give out again and Pati would bring candles for the students to light when describing their commitment.

10thingsAfter the meeting, I went to the Palacio Nacional and met with my friend Jenny and her friend Ana for lunch. I invited them to join Simón and me later that night to see a Foto 30 exhibit at the Edificio de Correos and she said she would come. After lunch (Pollo Campero) we walked next door to Correos so I could meet with Simón before our meeting with Volusac and so Jenny and Ana could see Simón’s office. We said bye to the girls and then Simón and I were off to the meeting. Though the meeting took place at the Volusac office, the workshops they were inviting us to give were going to be in collaboration with groups in Zone 6 called Programa Adulto Mayor and Epsum. They initially invited us to do one workshop but we explained that we normally do 10 workshops, so they said that if we can fit into the schedule they already have of eleven three-hour workshops then we can do more. Amalia and Alex, two social work students at USAC will be facilitating the sessions that we don’t or splitting the sessions half and half if we decide not to do the full 3 hours.

Alex, Amalia, a woman from Volusac, me and Simón
Alex, Amalia, a woman from Volusac, me and Simón

The schedule is:

9/16 1. Que es genero

9/23 2. Que es violencia intrafamiliar

9/30 3. Tipos de Violencia: Fisica, Psiquica, Sexual, Patrimonial, Domestica, y Cotidiana

10/7 4. Violencia Intrafamiliar contra la ninez

10/14 5. Indicadores de sospecha de los agresores

10/21 6. Fundacion sobrevivientes

10/28 7. Frases de apoyo y defender nuestros derechos

11/4 8. Fundamento legal

11/11 9. Derechos Humanos

11/18 10. Sugerencias a padres de la familia

11/25 11. Evaluacion y clausura

Since I will be leaving back to the US on Oct 29, I really could only choose from the first five since the 6th is with another group, Sobrevivientes. I decided that we could fit into 4 of the sessions, 1-3 and session 5 for an hour and a half each. They said that was fine and to send an outline of what we are going to do so we make sure we aren’t being repetitive and that we fit within their subject for each session. I said I would send the outlines as soon as possible and exchanged contact information with Amalia.

After the meeting, Simón and I met up with Jenny and Ana at the Foto 30 exhibit. It was a nice ending to a long day and I was able to take my mind off all my new homework for a little while.

Jenny, Ana and I
Jenny, Ana and I

USAC Workshop, testing my Spanish

Today was my big premiere of my Spanish in front of the USAC students. I am comfortable with the material and can explain things like the power and control wheel off the top of my head, but in Spanish, everything changes and I suddenly become nervous. To combat the fear of suddenly forgetting a word or idea while in front of the class I wrote myself a script.

Today’s workshop began with Carlos speaking about gender and sexual fluidity. The next portion was about figuring out where everyone’s personal limits are for negative behavior in a relationship. Everyone in the class had to get into groups and individually cut out about 10 different situations taken from worksheets and paste them onto a line in order between the two extremes of “permitted” and “not permitted.”

Carlos explaining the exercise

Carlos explaining the exercise

One of the groups making their chart

One of the groups making their chart

Everyone had different limits of what they would tolerate in a relationship, and the exercise seemed to help each person realize their limits and realize that everyone’s limits will be different.

Next was my part about power and control. I think I got through everything ok, and the class was incredibly respectful and listened intently to my speech. As I looked around at everyone I almost became emotional because I felt so welcome and could see them trying to make me feel comfortable.

My home-made power and control wheel

My home-made power and control wheel

Class discussion

Class discussion

Afterward, there was class discussion followed by their assignment for next week: in groups, make a creative presentation based on the ideas presented in the workshops. Also, individually they are to write a letter to themselves about how they can change to prevent violence in their lives. I was so relieved that my speech was over and went well that right after class I had my first meal for the day, a pupusa with salsa made by a woman on the USAC campus. Yum! And later that night I was finally able to have my bread-feast! And it was SO delicious! Afterward I went down to the 6ta calle and bought a pirated copy of In the Time of Butterflies to watch with my friend mañana.

Me and Carlos enjoying pupusas

Me and Carlos enjoying pupusas

My bread and brie feast

My bread and brie feast

Tomorrow I am going to my friend’s house for the first time and am a little nervous to take the long trek all the way to Colonia Lobos II, a pueblito that consists of taking at the very least 4 buses. I will be taking a taxi in lieu of the first bus to USAC to meet her and then we will make the 3 bus-trek together because I am positive I will get lost if I do any bussing alone.

Inmigration Issues

Today is the last day of the huelga de hambre or in my case huelga de pan. This morning Simon and I attended a conference on immigration at the Radisson Hotel in Zone 10 (the rich zone) to support Carlos since he would be speaking. I also wanted to go because I was curious about how people here in Guatemala regard immigration/migration.

In my community in the U.S., there are bastantes migrantes and therefore many immigration and immigrants-rights related events. I am from Ontario, California, and right now many of us from my area are actively fighting against the various forms of anti-immigrant sentiment and racism, whether overt or covert. This sentiment manifests in many forms, ICE raids, Nazi, Minute Men and KKK protests of day labor sites, “sobriety” checkpoints, and Border Patrol raids including those on Greyhound buses. The immigrant community and its allies have successfully mobilized and have several formal and informal networks of communication to organize counter-protests, vigils, celebrations, warnings, and support.

Pitzer Professor Martha Bárcenas-Mooradian warns drivers of upcoming checkpoint in Pomona, CA to prevent the seizures of the vehicles of immigrants
Pitzer Professor Martha Bárcenas-Mooradian warns drivers of upcoming checkpoint in Pomona, CA to prevent the seizures of the vehicles of immigrants

The most detrimental of the various anti-immigrant manifestations are the ICE raids, as the workers are generally imprisoned before being deported such as in Postville, Iowa raid which imprisoned and then deported almost 400 Guatemalan workers.


Video about the Postville raid

The day labor site closest to my house is in Rancho Cucamonga, CA on the corner of Grove and Arrow, though it is now a site of remembrance as well for fallen day labor leader Fernando Pedraza who was fatally wounded by a vehicle crash in May 2007. Many have stated that the crash would not have happened if the anti-immigrant group the Minuteman Project was not protesting the day laborers and therefore distracting drivers and preventing the workers from being hired. Another factor was the recent closing of the day labor center, forcing the laborers to stand on the sidewalk while they awaited work.

A photo of Jose Fernando Pedraza from the commemoration of the 1st anniversary of his death

A photo of Jose Fernando Pedraza from the commemoration of the 1st anniversary of his death

In any case, I was curious about how Guatemala treats their undocumented. However, once at the event I picked up a schedule and the booklet from the sponsoring organization MENAMIG, the National Bureau for Migration in Guatemala, and realized that the event would solely be dealing with Guatemalans who go north and not at all with immigrants who come to Guatemala. Carlos began by speaking about the statistics and numbers of Guatemalan migrants who leave to the U.S. as well as those that are deported, and next a speaker from MENAMIG spoke about the treatment of Guatemalan immigrants in the U.S., laws pertaining to immigrants, and how the news media portrays immigrants. Generally, it was bad news: the US exploits its immigrant workforce, deports undocumented peoples at alarming rates, and views immigration negatively. However, while speaking about Guatemalans working in the US he showed a photograph of Norma Torres and Barack Obama with the caption “Lideresas políticas: Norma Torres, ‘La chapina, Orgullo de Guatemala.’”

Political women leaders: Norma Torres, “The Chapina, Pride of Guatemala”

Political women leaders: Norma Torres, “The Chapina, Pride of Guatemala”

Norma Torres is the former mayor of Pomona and now an assembly member in the 61st district. She is the highest ranking official in the US from Guatemala and a great source of pride for many Guatemalans (many of which call themselves “Chapines/as”), as well as an example of the American Dream many have. I thought about how Pomona, a city with an incredibly high population of immigrants, has checkpoints every two weeks. This is a rate higher than any city I have heard of, and while Norma was mayor she maintained a pro-checkpoint stance, much to the anger of the immigrants’ rights activists in Pomona. However, I have hope that now that she is an assembly member she will step up her long time stance as an advocate for giving drivers licenses to undocumented people, and make Guatemalans in both countries proud.

Carlos Ibáñez  and Álvaro Caballeros of MENAMIG

Carlos Ibáñez and Álvaro Caballeros of MENAMIG

After all the speakers finished discussing US treatment of Guatemalan immigrants there was a question and answer period. I hadn’t had adequate time to reflect on all that I had heard yet, plus it was still early for me, but when I think back on what I would have asked I think I know what I would say. You see, many people here in Guatemala don’t know that the US isn’t welcoming nor that the American Dream is a huge lie, but since I am norteamericana I already know that and was hoping to learn something specific to Guatemala. So my questions would be: “What is Guatemala doing for immigrants in Guatemala? How is Guatemala preventing migration? And how is Guatemala supporting the deported?”

After the conference Simón showed me some amazing murals and buildings that were nearby the Radisson, and finally saw my first queer/gay public service billboard. It was incredibly exciting! Another exciting thing: tomorrow I can eat bread!

One of my favorite murals

One of my favorite murals

The billboard, paid for by CCE/G

The billboard, paid for by CCE/G

Stolen babies

Yesterday and today were long without bread! Every meal here is served/prepared with bread on the side and it looks SO good. Also, in the mornings, the streets are filled with the scent of fresh baked bread from the panaderias. But when I look at these three photographs of Angeli Lisseth Hernandez Rodriguez, Heidy Sarai Batz Par, and Arlene Escarleth Lopez, I know that whether or not my small gesture of solidarity changes anything, that the three mothers fighting for family reunification deserve support, regardless of the form. It is important to mention that here in Guatemala when people question or challenge the justice system is when they are most likely to end up disappeared or having to flee the country due to threats, so the three women, along with Sobrevivientes and other supporters of this campaign are risking personal harm in the name of justice.

Angeli Lisseth Hernandez Rodriguez, Heidy Sarai Batz Par, and Arlene Escarleth Lopez.

Angeli Lisseth Hernandez Rodriguez, Heidy Sarai Batz Par, and Arlene Escarleth Lopez.

A little bit about the daughters:

According to the 3 days for 3 daughters website, Angeli Lisseth Hernandez Rodriguez, daughter of Loyda Rodriguez, was kidnapped November 3, 2006 from her front yard in Villa Hermosa, San Miguel Petapa, Guatemala City. She is now believed to now be in Missouri. Heidy Sarai Batz Par, daughter of Raquel Par, was kidnapped April 4, 2006 on a bus in Guatemala City. She is believed to be living in Iowa and is now 4 years old. Arlene Escarleth Lopez, daughter of Olga Lopez, was kidnapped from Olga’s mother in Guatemala City September 27, 2006. She is now believed to be living in Illinois.

I recently read an article on CNN.com about how the Guatemalan army stole children (at least 333) to sell into adoption during the 36 year civil war. The article quoted Marco Tulio Alvarez, the director of the Guatemalan Peace Archive (the commission that began investigating these cases beginning in May 2008) as saying “Guatemalan society must know what happened and must never allow it to happen again.” This statement sounds hopeful and strong, but what the article and the commission is clearly lacking is the knowledge that kidnapping children to sell for adoption is not something of the past-it is still going on.

Lucia and the director of the night school planning our calendar last week

Lucia and the director of the night school planning our calendar last week

Last night was supposed to be me and Simón’s second workshop at the night school without Lucia, but when we got there we were told that the school is in the middle of a strict study schedule for their national testing and could not spare time for the workshop. We searched for Daniel Silvestre, the director of the school, and requested to meet in order to make sure that he knew that just because Lucia went back to California doesn’t mean the campaign is over. We sat down in his office and pitched the campaign (Hombres Contra Feminicidio) all over again since our first pitch was to the assistant director, Mirna Sanchez. He seemed interested and was open to the idea of us returning at the beginning of the next school year, but told us that because school is ending soon there just wasn’t time for us this year. (Schools here in Guatemala start in January and end in October) We had to push so we could at the very least have a closing session with the classes and finally we were able to schedule two closing sessions after the testing, the holiday (September 15 is Independence Day) and before finals. Our last days will be September 17 and 22. We left happy that we got something, but were disappointed that we couldn’t work last night.

Simón with the batik journals he makes from scratch in the Gran Hotel, a local café/bar/venue which also helps local artists sell their handicrafts

Simón with the batik journals he makes from scratch in the Gran Hotel, a local café/bar/venue which also helps local artists sell their handicrafts

Today I visited Simón at his office in Edificio de Correos (the mail building). He uses the office space for two purposes, to create his productos artesanales (handicrafts) from which he earns his income and as a headquarters for his poetry and art collective, S.o.P.a., Sociedad Optativa de Poetas Anónimos (the optional anonymous poets society). S.o.P.a. is a literary group of mostly young people which is dedicated to promoting the art of writing through different means of artistic expression such as poetry, painting, photography, film, music, multimedia presentations, workshops and exhibitions. A recent article about can be found HERE.

A video of Simon reading his poetry in the street after a festival in Dec 08 in front of an installation created by artist Maya Lemus

After visiting S.o.P.a., we went to eat lentil soup with some friends at a place called Bar Europa and the bread sat in the middle of the table taunting me, wanting me to dip it in the soup! But I remained strong. Tomorrow is the last day of the huelga, and since Carlos is picking us up at 6:30am tomorrow for an immigration conference, it will be a very long day without bread!

The door at bar Europa.

The door at bar Europa.

TODAY: International Hunger Strike

Dear Friends and Associates,

Today begins the first day of an international hunger strike in recognition of three stolen daughters from Guatemala, who were kidnapped and trafficked for adoption to unsuspecting families in the United States. This strike is an international show of support and continuation of the hunger strike launched by Norma Cruz and Fundacion Sobrevivientes in Guatemala on July 15, 2009.

Please read more about the strike at www.threedaysforthreedaughters.typepad.com

We have commitments to fast from around the world, from India to France to Louisiana. We are fasting in honor of three stolen daughters, Anyeli, Heidy, and Arlene, and their brave mothers who face the most unimaginable challenges and loss that any human can imagine. Because we value and celebrate adoption done in ethical and moral practice, we call a strike to voice opposition to those that tarnish and ultimately destroy legitimate adoption practice, rendering legitimate orphans homeless, and profitizing a once humanitarian endeavor.

Recently, it has been publicized that new DNA tests confirm that kidnapped and US-adopted Anyeli is in fact the daughter of Loyda Rodriguez Hernandez, who reported her daughter’s abduction in 2006. Anyeli was allegedly stolen from the front yard of her mother’s home in Guatemala City, falsely declared abandoned, and adopted by a Missouri family after having been renamed Karen Abigail. It is understood that Anyeli was issued a visa from the US Embassy Guatemala in 2008. It is unclear at this time what will be the outcome of this case as it appears there is no legal precedence for the return of a stolen child who was “legally” adopted and who now has US citizenship.

Strike organizers will be traveling to Washington DC this fall to present to US officials strike documentation and compiled research in an ongoing effort of exposure, accountability and justice.

Please forward this email to any interested persons or organizations.

Thank you for your support and interest.

Lucia Muñoz

Executive Director, MIA